Browsing by Person "Becker, Thomas"

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    Microscopic analysis of gluten network development under shear load—combining confocal laser scanning microscopy with rheometry
    (2023) Vidal, Leonhard Maria; Ewigmann, Hans; Schuster, Clemens; Alpers, Thekla; Scherf, Katharina Anne; Jekle, Mario; Becker, Thomas
    A comprehensive in‐situ analysis of the developing gluten network during kneading is still a gap in cereal science. With an in‐line microscale shear kneading and measuring setup in a conventional rheometer, a first step was taken in previous works toward fully comprehensible gluten network development evaluation. In this work, this setup was extended by an in‐situ optical analysis of the evolving gluten network. By connecting a laser scanning microscope with a conventional rheometer, the evaluation of the rheological and optical protein network evolution was possible. An image processing tool for analyzing the protein network was applied for evaluating the gluten network development in a wheat dough during the shear kneading process. This network evaluation was possible without interruption or invasive sample transfer comparing it to former approaches. The shear kneading system was able to produce a fully developed dough matrix within 125% of the reference dough development time in a classical kneader. The calculated network connectivity values from frequency testing ranged over all samples was in good agreement with traditional kneaded wheat dough just over peak consistency.
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    Multi‐scale dough adhesion analysis: Relation between laboratory scale, pilot scale and human sensory
    (2023) Vogt, Ulrike Therese; Kwak, Ju Eun; Fahmy, Ahmed Raouf; Laukemper, Rita; Henrich, Alexander; Becker, Thomas; Jekle, Mario
    Undesired dough adhesion is still a challenge during the production of baked goods. There are various methods for determining the adhesive texture properties of dough. In the majority of scientific papers, dough stickiness is measured analytically by the force‐distance recording of dough detachment. In this study, we describe a new multi‐scale approach to compare dough adhesion phenomena in a laboratory, pilot sale and human sensory assessment. In it, the adhesive material properties of dough were investigated using a pilot scale toppling device representing dough adhesion behavior in the production process, in the laboratory by texture analysis with the Chen–Hoseney method and furthermore with a new, implemented non‐oral human sensory analysis. To simulate different dough adhesion behavior, the dough mechanical and adhesion properties were varied by applying dough‐modifying enzymes and different dough storage times. The structural changes in the different wheat dough system were compared by rheological characterization. By characterizing the different adhesion phenomena of the doughs, the sample with bacterial xylanase showed the highest values after 80 min of storage time in all three methods. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between the detachment time (pilot scale) and human sensory assessment attributes (Force R = 0.81, Time R = 0.87, Distance R = 0.92, Stickiness R = 0.80) after 80 min of storage time. Even though human sensory assessment showed limits in the detectability of differences in dough adhesion behavior compared to the Chen–Hoseney method, it was better suited to predict machinability.