Zentrum Ökologischer Landbau Universität Hohenheim (ZÖLUH)

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    A decade of change and future prospects of organic farming in Iran using the multi‐round Delphi method
    (2025) Babajani, Arezou; Rahmati, Faezeh; Rafizadeh, Neda; Zikeli, Sabine; Wieck, Christine; Babajani, Arezou; Department of Agricultural & Food Policy, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Markets, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Rahmati, Faezeh; Center for Organic Farming, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Rafizadeh, Neda; Center for Organic Farming, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Zikeli, Sabine; Center for Organic Farming, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Wieck, Christine; Department of Agricultural & Food Policy, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Markets, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
    In recent years, the concept of organic farming has gained increasing attention due to its reduced use of agrochemicals, ecological preservation, and contribution to sustainability. However, the analysis of data from 2013 to 2021 shows that organic agriculture in Iran remained almost unchanged until 2016, with approximately 18,871 hectares under cultivation. After 2016, a period of stagnation ensued, followed by a decline, suggesting a regression rather than a progression in the sector. The present study aims to identify and evaluate the primary indicators influencing the development of organic agriculture in Iran by leveraging the expertise of subject‐matter experts. To this end, a four‐round, two‐phase Delphi method was employed to identify, refine, and validate the indicators. This method entailed conducting interviews with Iranian organic farming experts representing diverse organizations and sectors within organic agriculture. The identified factors were then grouped using the 7S model (Strategy, Structure, System, Skills, Staff, Style, and Shared Values). A nonparametric test was used to determine changes in these indicators over the past decade. The study's findings suggest that structural enhancements, increased knowledge, and growing societal awareness of sustainability have exerted a favorable influence. Nevertheless, systemic and policy constraints have curtailed the comprehensive advancement of organic farming. This research offers significant insights to the dynamics of organic agriculture in Iran and provides concrete recommendations for promoting its development in the future.
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    Lentils can absorb amino acids as a nitrogen source supporting early growth
    (2025) Kröper, Alex A.; Zikeli, Sabine; Wimmer, Monika A.; Zörb, Christian
    Background: Lentils ( Lens culinaris Medik.) are a valuable crop due to their high nutritional content, low environmental impact, and nitrogen‐fixing ability via rhizobacteria. Early in development, before this symbiosis is established, lentils require external nitrogen, typically supplied through fertilizers or already present in soils. Aim: This study explores whether lentils can utilize amino acids as a nitrogen source and how amino acid supplementation affects growth and nitrate uptake. Results: The findings show that lentils can absorb amino acids from soil, with no adverse effects on growth compared to mineral N fertilizers. The amino acid patterns show only slight changes in individual amino acids. NPF/NRT1, NRT2, AMT2, and DUR3 were expressed in all treatments in root tissue. LHT1 plays a minor role in the distribution of N in the shoots of lentil plants. Conclusion: Although amino acid uptake is less efficient than that of nitrate, it may still benefit young plants in organic farming until rhizobacterial symbiosis is established.