Browsing by Subject "Myo-inositol"

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    Effects of strain, lifespan and dietary myo-inositol sources on poultry metabolism
    (2020) Gonzalez Uarquin, Duvan Fernando; Huber, Korinna
    Poultry production has shown a significant increase during the last decade. Meat and egg industry rapid growth implicates accelerating metabolic rate and general performance of birds. To maintain a high level of production, several strategies to achieve optimal raising and feeding have been implemented. Previous studies demonstrated the importance of MI metabolism on animal physiology; however, at present there is a substantial lack of information about the roles of MI and its metabolism in poultry. For instance, no information is available about MI concentration in organs of poultry. Moreover, it remains no elucidated, which are the effects of dietary sources of MI such as dietary phytase or pure MI supplementation. This thesis focused on gaining a comprehensive understanding of the potential roles of strain, productive period, and dietary sources of MI on poultry metabolism. To obtain the state of the art research on MI metabolism and its dietary sources in poultry, a comprehensive review of dietary MI was written (manuscript 1, chapter 3). This review revised information about MI in poultry such as feed sources, transport and cell metabolism, physiological meaning, and the influence of dietary MI in poultry. The revision indicated that MI appears to play critical roles in several different metabolic pathways so that understanding them could be an essential approach for future research in poultry. The second study was performed to study the effects of phytase and pure MI supplementation on the metabolite profile of broilers (manuscript 2, chapter 3). It was observed that phytase supplementation affected differently the metabolite profile than the supplementation of pure MI. Metabolites affected by phytase comprised several groups of metabolites such as acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, and biogenic amines, whereas pure MI supplementation increased plasma concentrations of dopamine and serotonin. The third study was performed to get preliminary information about the effects caused by dietary phytase on systemic MI on the gastrointestinal tract, blood, and organs MI of broiler chickens (manuscript 3, chapter 3). Supplementation of 1500 FTU phytase/kg feed increased plasma and kidney MI concentrations. Plasma MI correlated negatively with InsP6 and positively with intestinal MI concentrations. A fourth study gave a general description of MI concentrations and general metabolite profile during the productive life of Lohmann Classic Brown and Lohmann LSL Classic laying hens. It was found that productive period affected MI and MI key enzymes expression. Moreover, the analyses showed differences in metabolite profiles being the onset of egg production, a determinant point. Differences were attributed to different groups of metabolites such as amino acids, biogenic amines, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelins. The above mentioned, indicated each strain could express different MI concentrations and metabolite profiles during distinct productive periods what should be considered to future interventions. To conclude, findings from these investigations suggested intrinsic traits such as breed and stage of production and diet could affect MI and MI key enzymes expression as well as metabolite profiles. Future studies are needed to establish the roles of MI on poultry metabolism.